Septicemia of Bees

Abstract

Septicemia are an infectious disease of bee colonies, which occurs under adverse conditions of detention, is accompanied by the death of adult bees. Diseasee is caused by Bacterium apisepticus – polymorphic, gram-negative, small, mobile, spore-forming bacteria. The bacterium is widely distributed in nature.. Bees become infected via their tracheal system. Conditions for of disease include swarming and building honeycomb. It affects drones and worker bees. Usually strikes in May and wears down in October. The development of septicemia is promoted by high humidity: rainy summer, the penetration of precipitation into the nests of bees, the setting of an apiary in low, shaded and waterlogged places, liquid, unsealed food in the winter and a wet winter hut. The forms of the disease can be pronounced, well expressed, under which there is a strong weakening of families, and hidden, when there is a slight death of bees. The major symptoms are a change in the colour of the haemolymph of adult bees from apple brown to chalky white and a rapid degenerationof muscles. As a consequence of the destruction of the connective tissues of the thorax, legs, wings and antennae, bees fall apartwhen handled. Affected bees in colonies appear restless,do not feed and appear to be unable to fly.Dead or dying bees also have a putrid odour The disease itself can last from one to a few days (8-15). The bee mortality rate can vary depending on weather conditions - the weather conditions can lower or even sometimes remove the disease, especially if hygiene measures are implemented and from 10 to 90% of infected bees.