Procedure dezinfekcije kod naročito opasnih zaraznih bolesti

Abstract

Dezinfekcija predstavlja važnu kariku u procesu suzbijanja zaraznih bolest. Cilj ovog rada je opis procedure dezinfekcije i sprovođenje na farmama u slučaju pojave naročito opasnih zaraznih bolesti, pre svega slinavke i šapa, i drugih bolesti poput afričke kuge svinja. Slinavka i šap (SiŠ) spada u opasne zarazne bolesti domaćih papkara, visoko kontagiozna, karakterisana visokim morbiditetom i mortalitetom. Procedure u slučaju pojave bolesti su definisane su kriznim planom i Pravilnikom o utvrđivanju mera za rano otkrivanje, dijagnostiku, sprečavanje širenja, suzbijanje i iskorenjivanje zarazne bolesti slinavke i šapa, „Službeni glasnik Republike Srbije, 15/10”. Poštovanje procedura od mehaničkog čišćenja, pranja i sprovođenja preliminarne, tekuće i završne dezinfekcije su od ključnog značaja za sprečavanje širenja i iskorenjivanja prisustva virusa u objektima, opremi, i svim predmetima koji su potencijalno kontaminiranim virusom. Prilikom sprovođenja dezinfekcije ključan je izbor dezinficijensa, koji moraju ispunjavati određene uslove, odnosno moraju biti odobreni u skladu sa posebnim propisima. Dezinficijensi na bazi limunske kiseline, sirćetne kiseline, natrijum hidroksida, natrijum hipohlorit i drugi višekomponentni dezinficijensi su odobreni i namenjeni za inaktivaciju virusa slinavke i šapa.

Disinfection is an important link in the process of controlling infectious diseases. The aim of this paper is to describe the disinfection procedure and its implementation on farms in the event of particularly dangerous infectious diseases, primarily foot-and-mouth disease, and other diseases such as African swine fever. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the dangerous infectious diseases of domestic ungulates, highly contagious, characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Procedures in the event of an outbreak of the disease are deined by the crisis plan and the rulebook on establishing measures for early detection, diagnosis, prevention of spread, suppression and eradication of foot-and-mouth disease, “Of icial Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, 15/10”. Compliance with procedures from mechanical cleaning, washing and implementation of preliminary, current and inal disinfection are of key importance to prevent the spread and eradication of the presence of the virus in facilities, equipment, and all objects that are potentially contaminated with the virus. When carrying out disinfection, the choice of disinfectants is crucial, and they must meet certain conditions, that is, they must be approved in accordance with special regulations. Disinfectants based on citric acid, acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite and other multi-component disinfectants are approved and intended for FMD disease virus inactivation.